I compiled this list a while back and thought I'd share it over here. Some people complain because buying this stuff from aquarium suppliers is easier, but this stuff is all easily purchased from standard box stores. Might come in handy for some of you.
Plant Fertilizers:
KNO3 (Potassium nitrate), used to raise nitrates, potassium - Spectracide Stump Remover
KH2P04 (Monopotassium Phosphate), supplies potassium, raises phosphates - Fleet Enema
MgSO4 (Magnesium sulfate), supplies magnesium, sulphur - Epsom salts, (certain) de-icers
KHCO3 (Potassium bicarbonate), supplies potassium, raises carbonate levels- Health food ingredient, Brewing ingredient
CaCl2 (Calcium chloride), supplies calcium, raises GH- Swimming pool additive, Ice melt for roads/driveways, Dri-Z-Air dehumidifier agent
Root tabs- Osmocote, Jobe's Fertilizer Sticks can be introduced by freezing beads in water or using dissolvable capsules
B (Boron), its the "B" in CSM+B - Boric Acid, Roach/Ant Killer
CaCO3 (Calcium Carbonate), supplies calcium, raises kH - Food supplement, Tums/antacids
Non-fertilizers:
NaHCO3 (Sodium bicarbonate), pH/kH/alkalinity up - Baking soda
NaCl (Sodium chloride), protects fish from the toxic effects of NO2, parasite control - Salt (non-caking)
H2O2 (Hydrogen peroxide), kills Algae, BGA- Hydrogen peroxide 3% antiseptic/disinfectant
Questions for dosing this stuff can be answered by doing a Google search. There are lots of individual topics on each item but I've never seen this all compiled in one place.