Does it look like even the smaller Neogobius can out-compete native species like yellow perch that would also make use of this extra territory?
Around here they are numerous enough to kick out most other benthic species. It is rare to find a Round goby colonized area that includes other species that utilize the same habitat componets. I tend to agree with the hypothesis that these fish are being selected for size given the habitat or maybe habitat ecology and this is why their size seems to be decreasing.
It should be noted however, that those we hold in captivity at the Nature Center do grow fairly large and it is not uncommon to take a 'dwarf' goby right out of the river and have it reach 5 inches in our tanks in no time.